The Authenticity of Ones Identity Created by the Passport Term Paper

The Authenticity of Ones Identity Created by the Passport - Term Paper Example As Hall keeps up, maybe as opposed to considering character a previously cultivated truth, which the new social practices they speak to, we should think, rather, of way of life as a 'creation', which is rarely finished, consistently in process, and consistently established inside, not outside, portrayal. (Hall, p. 222). In a nearby examination if Hall's view, it turns out to be certain that the very position and credibility to which the term 'social character' lays guarantee are tested here and it opens up an exchange or an examination on the subject of social personality and portrayal. An intelligent examination of Diaspora according to personality, especially exploring whether a person's identification characterizes what his identity is, makes it evident that, with such a significant number of socially different individuals and individuals conceived and living outside their local nations, a report expressing one's name, date of birth, sex and spot of birth essentially can't charact erize the individual. Â In request to understand the connection among Diaspora and personality, it is essential to have a basic, intelligent, and unambiguous utilization of the term 'diaspora' as against the uncritical, unreflective use of the term to any settings of worldwide uprooting and development. When thoroughly considering the classification of diaspora and its association with geopolitical substances, for example, country state, it gets principal to think about the significant job of country arrangement and development in the cutting edge world. Mass relocation developments, the various rushes of political exiles looking for refuge in different nations, the reconfiguration of country states request that the idea of nationhood assess the particular geopolitical conditions that hasten the development of individuals and networks in the late twentieth and mid twenty-first hundreds of years. (Braziel and Mannur, 2003, p. 3). While social and artistic pundits have been progressively worried about how to reconsider ideas of nationhood and national personality, it is fundamental that such basic investigations consolidate contemporary types of development, removal, and separation - from movement to banish. For sure, these inquiries are inseparably connected to a hypothesis of Diaspora. In a basic investigation of contemporary types of development, removal, and disengagement from movement to banish, corresponding to Diaspora and character, the job of visa so as to characterize one's personality comes into question. Accordingly, it is principal to examine whether our international IDs can characterize who we are on the grounds that such basic examinations can uncover various parts of Diaspora corresponding to personality. With regards to the cutting edge world with various socially differing individuals and individuals conceived and living outside their local nations, the visa which is a report expressing one's name, date of birth, sex and spot of birth, essentially can't characteriz e an individual or his social personality. Â In the cutting edge universe of globalization, one's personality is primarily controlled by one's visa, which is a report expressing one's name, date of birth, sex and spot of birth, and the legitimacy of such a record in characterizing one's personality corresponding to Diaspora is by and large addressed.

Amusement park Essay Example for Free

Event congregation Essay I am generally little in height at about 4’11† with dull earthy colored, normally wavy hair and hazel eyes that appear to change shading with various lighting.. I at present wear ragged, dark glasses because of my astigmatism. I apply conceal regularly to shroud my spots and imperfections on my skin while likewise wearing dark mascara and dark eyeliner to draw out my eyes. I dress in an increasingly traditionalist style with very few outfits embellished and basic examples. I will in general wear a dominant part of name brand garments as a result of the nature of the material and the styles. I don’t have an exceptionally expansive course of action of shoes and I regularly wear a couple of various sets of shoes seven days. I likewise prefer to wear straightforward studs ordinary and the accessory I got for Valentine’s Day from my beau. I additionally regularly paint my nails a brilliant pink on my toes and blue or silver on my fingernails. I appreciate to do numerous exercises. For instance: I play softball, banner football, extreme Frisbee, read, volunteer at the library, spend time with companions, invest energy with family, and numerous different things. Different things I like are cordial individuals, fair individuals, school occasions, summer, jamborees, entertainment meccas, water parks, occasion gatherings, and birthday celebrations. Things I don’t like to do are spotless, do schoolwork regular, drive little vehicles, being excessively occupied, and feeling exhausted. Things I don’t like are liars, inconsiderate individuals, winter, the shading orange, not approaching the web, being cold, and that's just the beginning. For instance, I get myself cold frequently so I purchase covers, long socks, and anything I can use to remain warm constantly. I’m great at homework and having a ton of fun. I excel on state testing and I get familiar with a great deal with regards to class and different subjects I can use in my life. I’m constantly caught up with playing around with loved ones. I like to ensure everybody makes some great memories together and that we are rarely exhausted. When I’m with my companions, we generally utilize our minds to discover some approach to invest the energy. I’m not as great at completing everything on schedule and arranged for when I need it; Also, I don't have the inspiration to do things I would prefer not to do yet need to do. My depiction sounds like somebody I might want to know since I trust I am, for the most part, a great individual. I attempt to be somebody individuals wouldn’t mind being near so I’m not an issue to anybody thus I’m somebody individuals can coexist with. I care about my own picture and I trust individuals concur with me. I would change myself by making myself all the more inviting and active. I trust I’m not as active as I could be and I could make more companions by evolving that. I additionally wouldn’t let my feelings drive what I do; I would think carefully to settle on a choice before I utilize my emotions about the subject. I would begin placing my bliss into thought when I help out others out; be that as it may, I wouldn’t become narrow minded. Individual satisfaction is similarly as significant as anybody else’s. I might want to be an individual who doesn't stress over issues however advances activity to kill them. I would be progressively proactive about my issues and ensure I finish my choice on the most proficient method to fathom it without letting feelings adjust my perspective. And furthermore, I would quit stressing and acknowledge the things I can't control. I can carry my desire nearer to the now form by having increasingly self inspiration and self-restraint. I imagine my future where I am a glad, taught, individual with a fruitful profession and an upbeat family who has all that they need. I need to flexibly them with all that they have to become effective people and make the best future for themselves.

If I had my life to live over

If I had my life to live over I would have talked less and listened more.I would have invited friends over to dinner even if the carpet was stained and the sofa faded.I would have eaten the popcorn in the good living room and worried much less about the dirt when someone wanted to light a fire in the fireplace. I would have taken the time to listen to my grandfather ramble about his youth.I would never have insisted the car windows be rolled up on a summer day because my hair had just been teased and sprayed. I would have burned the pink candle sculpted like a rose before it melted in storage.I would have sat on the lawn with my children and not worried about grass stains.I would have cried and laughed less while watching TV and more while watching life.I would have shared more of the responsibility carried by my husband.I would have gone to bed when I was sick instead of pretending the earth would go into a holding pattern if I werent there for the day.I would never have bought anything just because it was pra ctical, wouldnt show soil or was guaranteed to last a lifetime.Instead of wishing away nine months of pregnancy, Id have cherished every moment and realized that the wonderment growing inside me was the only chance in life to assist God in a miracle.When my kids kissed me impetuously, I would never have said, Later. Now go get washed up for dinner.There would have been more I love yousmore Im sorrysBut mostly, given another shot at life, I would seize every minutelook at it and really see itlive itand never give it back.In memory of Erma Bombeck who lost her fight with cancer.

Prueba de ADN para la tarjeta de residencia permanente

Durante los trà ¡mites para obtener la tarjeta de residencia por peticià ³n de un familiar es posible que se exija  una prueba de ADN para probar que efectivamente existe un và ­nculo de sangre entre la persona que pide los papeles y el potencial migrante para el que se solicitan. Tanto los ciudadanos americanos como los residentes permanentes legales pueden solicitar tarjeta de residencia, tambià ©n conocida por green card, para diferentes familiares pero el gobierno quiere estar seguro de que esa relacià ³n es verdadera. Por ello es importante conocer por quà © se puede pedir un test de ADN, si es necesario o voluntario o, en este à ºltimo caso, si es recomendable tomarlo y, finalmente, cà ³mo es la tramitacià ³n de todo el proceso.  ¿Por quà © se puede pedir una prueba de ADN en las peticiones de familia? Las pruebas de ADN sirven para probar genà ©ticamente la relacià ³n biolà ³gica entre dos personas en la tramitacià ³n de las visas de familia.   Por ejemplo, que entre solicitante y pedido hay efectivamente una relacià ³n de padre e hijo, madre e hijo, hermanos o hermanastros, etc. Para probar esta relacià ³n es siempre necesario contar con ejemplos biolà ³gicos de las dos personas cuya relacià ³n familiar se trata de establecer. Generalmente basta con pasar un bastoncillo por el interior de la boca.  ¿Es obligatoria la prueba de ADN en todas las peticiones por familia biolà ³gica? No, y de hecho son la excepcià ³n. Generalmente se prueba la relacià ³n entre solicitante y pedido mà ¡s allà ¡ de toda duda, mediante documentos, como por ejemplo, el certificado o acta de nacimiento. Como son pruebas caras y que lleva tiempo practicarlas sà ³lo se solicitan estas pruebas cuando no existen otros medios para demostrar la relacià ³n entre dos personas, como pueden ser documentos o fotografà ­as, o por la razà ³n que sea se sospecha de que el và ­nculo biolà ³gico puede no ser real.   Es tambià ©n mà ¡s comà ºn que este tipo de prueba se solicite cuando la tarjeta de residencia se tramita mediante un procedimiento consular que cuando se gestiona todo el proceso dentro de los Estados Unidos mediante un ajuste de estatus. Lo cierto es que es mà ¡s importante prestar atencià ³n a otros posibles problemas que pueden surgir en el proceso, como asegurarse de que se cumplen con los requisitos econà ³micos para patrocinar, que se va a pasar el examen mà ©dico al que sà ­ deben de someterse todos los candidatos a migrantes y, finalmente, que no afecta ninguna de las circunstancias que provocan que la tarjeta de residencia sea denegada.   Trà ¡mites para la prueba de ADN para la green card cuando se pide Cuando el oficial consular o cualquier funcionario migratorio  solicita una prueba de ADN, el beneficiario de la tarjeta de residencia, si à ©sta se llega a conceder, decide voluntariamente si se somete o no a la prueba. De realizarla, debe cancelar el costo à ©l mismo o el solicitante de la tarjeta (su padre, madre, hijo, hija, hermano o hermanastro) el importe por la prueba, que deberà ¡ ser abonada al laboratorio antes de realizarse. Solamente pueden realizarse las pruebas de ADN en uno de los laboratorios acreditados por la Asociacià ³n americana de bancos de sangre (AABB, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Es importantà ­simo verificar que el laboratorio que va a hacer el anà ¡lisis està ¡ incluido en esa lista. Si no lo està ¡, la Embajada o el consulado americano no admitirà ¡n las pruebas y se habrà ¡ gastado el dinero en vano. Ademà ¡s, hay que tener en cuenta que hay mucho fraude en este rubro y muchos laboratorios aseguran estar autorizados para realizar estas pruebas para las oficinas consulares americanas y no lo està ¡n. Asà ­ que es muy recomendable tomar el tiempo necesario para checar la lista y una vez que se tenga buscar el laboratorio mà ¡s conveniente por su localizacià ³n. El laboratorio enviarà ¡ el kit directamente a la oficina consular. Jamà ¡s al solicitante o al beneficiario de la peticià ³n de la tarjeta de residencia. La prueba se harà ¡ en la propia oficina consular previo pago del arancel correspondiente por los servicios del mà ©dico que harà ¡ que tomarà ¡ la muestra. El dà ­a de la cita para este asunto, el beneficiario de la peticià ³n de la visa de inmigrante debe presentarse a la hora fijada con su pasaporte, una foto y el recibo de haber pagado por los servicios mà ©dicos. Una vez que se ha tomado la prueba de ADN, el propio consulado enviarà ¡ el kit directamente al laboratorio en los Estados Unidos. Y cuando à ©ste obtenga los resultados, se notificarà ¡n directamente a la oficina consular. Y una vez que los tenga decidirà ¡ cancelar el proceso de tramitacià ³n del permiso de residencia o seguir con el mismo. El beneficiario, si asà ­ lo desea, puede solicitar directamente al laboratorio una copia de los resultados. La oficina consular americana nunca otorgarà ¡ tal copia. A tener en cuenta para tener à ©xito en la peticià ³n de la green card por familia Que la prueba de ADN demuestre que es verdad que el solicitante y el beneficiario son familiares no significa que la peticià ³n de la residencia permanente vaya a ser aprobada. Simplemente quiere decir  que ese requisito ha sido satisfecho. Las peticiones de tarjetas de residencia pueden ser rechazadas por diversas causas. En la mayorà ­a de los casos, si eso sucede asà ­, serà ¡ posible pedir un perdà ³n, tambià ©n conocido como  waiver o permiso. Que puede ser o no concedido. Es muy importante en estos casos contar con el asesoramiento de un abogado migratorio con excelente reputacià ³n y con experiencia en este tipo de casos. Tambià ©n es importante, antes de iniciar los trà ¡mites, tener una idea aproximada de cuà ¡nto van a tardar los papeles, ya que en muchos casos la demora es mucho mà ¡s grande de lo que se cree. Finalmente, se recomienda tomar este quiz - trivia  o test- para verificar que se tiene los conocimientos bà ¡sicos para obtener y conservar la tarjeta de residencia. Es difà ­cil conseguirla. No es conveniente arriesgarse a una denegacià ³n o una cancelacià ³n por falta de informacià ³n. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

The Treatment Of Women Within The Criminal Justice System

There have been many changes in the treatment of offenders by the Criminal Justice System in England and Wales, particularly the treatment of female offenders. The handling of women within the criminal justice system has been closely tied to their social characteristics, and to what might be described as their ‘social construction’. On the other hand, women who compromise more than half of the world’s population, account for only 15% of criminal activity and as a consequence, relatively little attention has been given to them. This essay will explore how this has changed from a historical point of view to modern times, with exploration from cross-culture comparisons and an overview of the treatments of females in prisons. The legal definition of crime is â€Å"an act of violation of a criminal law for which a punishment is prescribed; the person committing it must have intended to do so and must have done so without legally acceptable defence or justification† (Walsh Hemmens 2008:2). Alternatively, deviance is any social behaviour which departs from that regarded as ‘normal’ or socially acceptable within a society or social context (Jary Jary 1991:160). The underlining focus of my essay is The Criminal Justice System in England and Wales which is a key public service consisting of various bodies and individuals including: the Police, Crown Prosecution Service, Her Majesty’s Court Service, National Offender Management Services (Probation and Prisons) and Youth Justice Board.Show MoreRelatedChallenges Faced By Female And Aboriginal Offenders Essay1420 Words   |  6 Pagesthe overrepresentation of Aboriginal people in the criminal justice system also poses several concerns. Female offenders on the other hand have a higher risk of having administrative, and mental health issues. This paper will address both factions and their individual problems and the reform that is needed within the criminal justice system. Aboriginal offenders have a diverse set of challenges they face in their community, and in the prison system. There are many cases in which the community is involvedRead MoreWomen Of The Criminal Justice System1364 Words   |  6 Pagescreated to work with women in each stage of the criminal justice process. The three stages referred to within this organization are women who are at risk, are involved in the criminal justice system, and recovery and transition from institutions, to effectively reintegrate back into society (Elizabeth Fry Society of Greater Vancouver, 2012). The organization was established by Elizabeth Fry, 1839, who was deemed a significant advocate for humane treatment of women, specializing in women and children regardingRead MoreInjustice Is An Unfair Treatment1209 Words   |  5 Pagesdoesn’t speak up about unfair treatment, they are allowing injustice to infect everyone. The Webster dictionary definition states, â€Å"Injustice is an unfair treatment o r situation in which the rights of a person or a group of people are ignored (Merriam-Webster).† There are various examples of injustice in the Criminal Justice System, the occupation field, and the education system that negatively impact the citizens in America. To begin with, the Criminal Justice System is meant to protect citizensRead MoreCriminology And Sociology : Criminology1296 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween everyday people to vastly complex international or multinational relationships. Within this they attempt to understand the social processes; that is why humans think and behave in a certain way. Concepts and Theories of Criminology and Sociology: The generalisability problem is a concept within feminist criminology that adds women to male knowledge on crime, thereby the findings on men are generalised to women. This concept aims to create a neutral criminological theory that does not have anyRead MoreInjustice Is An Unfair Treatment1212 Words   |  5 Pagesdoesn’t speak up about unfair treatment, they are allowing injustice to infect everyone. The Webster dictionary definition states, â€Å"Injustice is an unfair treatment or situation in which the rights of a person or a group of people are ignored (Merriam-Webster).† There are various examples of injustice in the Criminal Justice System, the occupation field, and the education system that negatively impact the citizens in America. To begin with, the Criminal Justice System is meant to protect citizensRead MoreResearch Outline, Annotated Bibliography, and Sample Survey: Women in Prisons1365 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Question and Justification On average, women make up about 7 percent of the total federal and state incarcerated population in the United States. This has increased since the 1980s due to stricter and more severe laws that focus on recreational drug use, a lack of community programs, and fewer treatment centers available for outpatients (Zaitow and Thomas, eds., 2003). According to the National Womens Law Centers, women prisoners report a higher than statistically normal history of domesticRead MoreMental Health, Gender And Drug Addiction1236 Words   |  5 PagesDiscussion Within the analysis of the dissertation, it has been recognised that there were three key themes associated with my findings: mental health, gender and drug addiction. We will dis-cuss the three documents chosen and highlight the themes which occurred. Though gender didn’t appear as much in two of the documents, it has relevance to the dissertation and was titled within the MoJ document, which recorded a high degree of statistics relating to gender. Following on from the three themedRead MoreThe Importance Of Clinical Psychology Within The Correctional Setting1285 Words   |  6 Pagesin the future. However, women experience many barriers after being released, such as being treated as outcasts, an inability to find employment, being judged for their criminal behavior, and experiencing shame (Dodge Pogrebin, 2001). This shame is exacerbated for women because of the social definitions of what it means to be a woman, mother, and citizen. The stigma these women experience ca n potentially lead to further criminal acts. In addition, inadequate treatment has implications not justRead MoreMinorities and Women in Criminal Justice1064 Words   |  5 Pagesminorities and women in the criminal justice system . Sexism still exists in the United States. Sexism against women is shown in the media and indicates that sexism still pervades in our society. Another key issue is the overrepresentation and disparities among minorities in the criminal justice system. After the act of September 11, racial profiling and other acts of racial hate crimes suggests that racism occurs. Another key issue that indicates that racial disparities occur in the criminal justice systemRead MoreEssay on The Effects of Gender on Prisoner Interactions 1464 Words   |  6 PagesCourt decided that forfeiting liberties and personal rights were consequences of the crime committed. Prisoners were viewed as slaves. In addition, losing citizenship rights meant losing the ability to complain about living conditions (Peak, 2010). Women and men were subjected to horrible prison conditions in which the living conditions were fifthly, overcrowded and harsh. Often times they were beaten and sexual abused by male guards (Stuart von Wormer Bartollas, 2011). It was not until the 1960’s

Importance of Personality Development and Influencing Factors Free Essays

An individual’s ‘personality’ is their unique and relatively stable patterns of behaviour, thoughts and feelings. The key word is ‘relatively’. It implies that there is scope for change, that one’s personality is not necessarily constant. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Personality Development and Influencing Factors or any similar topic only for you Order Now The influence of various aspects of our environment may affect our inherent behavioural traits, and can modify our personality. Personality development, therefore, is to allow new ideas to influence our personality, and to allow introspection to bring to the forefront latent qualities, effecting a change for the better. There are four aspects to an individual’s personality: body, mind, heart and soul. Several factors contribute to one’s personality, to the development of one’s personality. These are all integral to the above mentioned aspects. The recognition, and consequently, the maintenance and progress of these factors – whether physiological or psychological, whether internal or external – is essential for ‘personality development’. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmities. Fitness is a measure of the body’s ability to complete activities necessary for everyday life effectively and efficiently. The basic difference between the two is that health is a definite requisite for one’s life, while fitness is only a measure. Both terms are relative, but health is more of a necessity than fitness, especially for developing one’s personality. An important aspect of our personality is our intelligence. It is important to note that intelligence is not restricted just to the scholarly; it encompasses the various sides to one’s personality – linguistic, logical, kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist, and spiritual, to name a few. And improvement is required in all these spheres for an overall development of one’s personality. Our ‘social skills’ or interpersonal relationships, our ability to establish, nurture and fulfill relationships with others around us – family or friends, plays a pivotal role in our lives. This ability, too, needs to be developed. Our Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ) – the ability to perceive, use, understand and manage emotions within ourselves and in others, is very important. Emotions are our responses to events around us, and are created by the combination of our thoughts, feelings, and actions. What is most important is that we create our own emotions. Our responses are shaped by our thoughts – by what we tell ourselves. As we clarify our understanding of our own beliefs and patterns, we learn that we are actually choosing our own lives. Feelings are the internal expression of the emotion and can be differentiated from body sensations and states: â€Å"feeling depressed. † The emotion ‘behind’ the feeling of depression: sadness or anger. Emotion, therefore, includes the situation, the interpretation or perception of the situation and the response or feeling related to the perception of the situation. Our speaking and listening skills are another important element. Speaking, or conveying our thoughts and emotions, and listening, or paying enough attention to what someone else has to say, both are essential for developing and maintaining relationships. Communication is a two-way process, and we need to be able to eloquently and adequately put across our thoughts to others, as well as be able to listen (hear, understand and judge) to the ideas of others. We express ourselves non-verbally too – through our postures and body language. This is also an important tool for communication. Our body language not only gives away our emotions sometimes, it also allows people to guess whether we are confident when we are speaking, whether we are actually listening to the other person, and so on. Our relationship skills are also influenced by our prejudices – opinions or judgements, frequently unfavourable, based on irrelevant considerations, inadequate knowledge or inaccurate stereotyping, and the consequent discriminations we make. People have prejudices for diverse reasons and these biases affect many spheres of their lives; they are negative manifestations of integrative power: instead of bringing or holding people together, they push them apart. Ironically, even prejudice and discrimination imply some sort of relationship, however. If there is no relationship people would be completely unaware of another person’s or group’s existence. The act of discrimination is an unjust practice or behaviour, whether intentional or not, towards a category of persons. These categories range from sex, ethnicity, nationality, religion, language, to class, and more recently, age and physical disabilities. Prejudices and discriminations are deeply imbedded at both the individual and societal levels, and will eventually result in the dissolving of society. The next important aspect that needs to be attended to is our academic and career requirements. We should adopt some basic â€Å"study skills† to successfully remember what we learn from an adequate period of time. The following is an example: P – Preview: get the overall picture of what is to be studied before doing it in any detail. Q – Question: ask questions while reading or studying; answering them will help to make sense of the material and to remember it more easily because the process will make an impression. R – Read and Review: read actively; to be able to answer questions you have asked yourself or questions the instructor has asked. A review is a survey of what you have covered, of what you are supposed to accomplish. S – Self Evaluation: testing yourself to see how much you have accomplished. T – Time Management: Time is the most valuable resource a student has. A good schedule keeps you from wandering off course. A good schedule, if properly managed, assigns time where time is needed. Certain methods and strategies can be adopted for more effective studying and more adequate preparation for examinations: making schedules first and sticking to them; reading and getting the main idea, extracting the important details and taking (or making) notes, reviewing and revising the actual substance, as well as the notes. After the more ‘material’ aspects comes, what some claim is, the ultimate intelligence. Spiritual intelligence is about the growth of a human being. It is about pondering over life’s purpose. Just being in touch with that question is fulfilling. About having a direction in life and being able to heal ourselves of all the resentment we carry. It is thinking of ourselves as an expression of a higher reality. Finally there is the realization that there is an immensity within us. As we move along the path, deeper levels within us get unfolded, leading to fulfillment. Ultimately, we discover freedom from our sense of limitation as human beings and attain ‘moksha’. Indeed, this is a highly idealized perception of spiritual intelligence or spirituality; most humans are essentially spiritual beings asking such fundamental questions as â€Å"Who am I? , â€Å"Where am I going? â€Å", â€Å"What do others mean to me? â€Å", but spiritual intelligence itself is extremely relative. It can, perhaps, more simply be defined as the realization of one’s purpose in life and the achievement of the same, the feeling of being in control, of being aware of oneself and one’s environment. Life’s purposes are varied for different individuals, and it requires inspiration to be able to recognize them, and moreover, to live by them. We need to: Listen to our inner voice. It takes practice to hear our true desires. The passion will come as a whisper or serendipitous event hat reminds us of what is important and what makes us happy. Dwell in possibilities. Our passions could lead us in a lot of different directions to find fulfillment. We have to explore our lives and unearth all the things that bring us joy. Decide what kind of person we want to be. Rather than concentrating on what we want to do, we should think in terms of what kind of person we want to be, and let that guide our choices. The ultimate attainment of fulfillment will come naturally, in time, with the gradual awakening of our spiritual senses, like the well-deserved rest at the end of the day. How to cite Importance of Personality Development and Influencing Factors, Papers

Rachel Carson Essays (871 words) - Rachel Carson,

Rachel Carson Rachel Carson Hello, my name is Rachel Lousie Carson. I was born on a farm in Springdale, Pennsylvania on May 27, 1907. My mother, Maria McLean Carson was a dedicated teacher and throughout my childhood she encouraged my interests in nature and in writing. She also encouraged me to publish my first story A Battle in the Clouds in the St. Nicholas magazine while I was in fourth grade. After graduating from Parnassus High School, I enrolled into the Pennsylvania College for Women. I majored in English and continued to write but I also had to take two semesters of science, which changed my life. In my junior year I changed my major to zoology, even though science was not considered an appropriate avenue for women. After graduating college in 1928 I had earned a full one year scholarship to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. This scholarship did not relieve me or my family of our financial burdens, so I worked throughout graduate school in the genetics department assisting Dr. Raymond Pearl and Dr. H.S. Jennings and I worked as an assistant teacher in the zoology department at the University of Maryland. In 1932 I received my masters in marine zoology. I continued working part-time as a teacher after graduating to help support my family through the early years of the Depression. In 1935 my father had a heart attack and passed away leaving me to provide for my mother. In 1936, my sister Marion passed away at the age of forty leaving behind two young daughters, and my mother encouraged me to take them in. That same year I took the civil service examination necessary for promotion to full-time junior aquatic biologist. I scored higher than all the other candidates ( who were all male) and became the first female biologist ever hired by the Bureau of Fisheries whom I was employed by for sixteen years as a writer. My article entitled Undersea which had been published in the Atlantic Monthly, won praise from scientists, naturalists, and literary critics, inspiring me to write my first book. Under the Sea Wind debuted in 1941 to critical acclaim in both literary and scientific circles but sales plummeted with the bombing of Pearl Harbor. 1942 I began working for the Fish and Wildlife Service promoting fish as an alternative to foods in short supply because of the war. By 1948 I moved into an exclusively male domain, earning the grade of biologist, and becoming the editor-in-chief of the Information Division. It was not an easy climb though; my close friend and associate Bob Hines once said I was an able executive with almost a mans administrative qualities. But it was Hines who also said that my qualities of zest and humor made even the dull bureaucratic procedure a matter of quite fun. My second book The Sea Around Us written in 1950 was a book for anyone who has looked out upon the ocean with wonder. I won the George Westinghouse Science Writing Award for one chapter of that book entitled The Birth of an Island. The book itself remained on the New York Times bestseller list for eighty-one weeks. Marie Rodell decided to re-release my first book at this time and I then had two books on the best sellers list. The success of the two books had given me the financial security my mother and I had been needing so I could finally leave the Fish and Wildlife Service to dedicate my life to writing. I moved to the coast of Maine and began working on my third book, The Edge of the Sea in 1955 which would detail life at the oceans shoreline. This book remained on the best sellers list for twenty-three weeks. During 1956 one of my nieces had passed away and I adopted her five year old son Roger who I had always been especially fond of. My mother passed away one year later at the age of eighty-eight. I received a letter from Olga Owens Huckins in 1958 which inspired me to write my fourth book Silent Spring which I completed in 1962. In her letter she told me she was horrified to find birds dead and dying throughout her property. A few days earlier local agencies conducted massive, unannounced spraying of the pesticide DDT. I had long suspected the dangers posed by the use of DDT. I researched the matter and the results were frightening and I felt the whole story needed

manometry Essay Example

manometry Essay Example manometry Essay manometry Essay Patient Information on Anorectal Manometry What is anorectal manometry? Anorectal manometry is a test performed to evaluate patients with constipation or fecal incontinence. This test measures the pressures of the anal sphincter muscles, the sensation in the rectum, and the neural reflexes that are needed for normal bowel movements. PREPARATION FOR THE PROCEDURE Give yourself one or two [emailprotected] enemas 2 hours prior to your study. You can purchase the Fleet enema from a pharmacy or supermarket. You should not eat anything during the two hours prior to the procedure. If you are diabetic, this may involve adjusting your diabetic medications. You may take regular medications with small sips of water at least 2 hours prior to the study. THE PROCEDURE The test takes approximately 30 minutes. You will be asked to change into a hospital gown. A technician or nurse will explain the procedure to you, take a brief health history, and answer any questions you may have. The patient then lies on his or her left side. A small, flexible tube, about the size of a thermometer, with a balloon at the end is inserted into the rectum. The catheter is connected to a machine that measures the pressure. During the test, the small balloon attached to the catheter may be inflated in the rectum to assess the normal reflex pathways. The nurse or technician may also ask the person to squeeze, relax, and push at various times. The anal sphincter muscle pressures are measured during each of these maneuvers. To squeeze, the patient tightens the sphincter muscles as if trying to prevent anything from coming out. To push or bear down, the patient strains down as if trying to have a bowel movement. Two other tests may be done: first, an anal sphincter electromyography (EMG), a test to evaluate the nerve supply to the anal muscle; second, measurement of the time it takes to expel a balloon from the rectum. After the examination, you may drive yourself home and go about your normal activities. Anal Sphincter EMG Anal sphincter electromyography (EMG) is recorded with a small plug electrode placed in the anal canal. The patient then is asked to relax, squeeze and push at different times. The anal sphincter muscle electrical activity is recorded and displayed on a computer screen. Anal sphincter EMG confirms the proper muscle contractions during squeezing and muscle relaxation during pushing. In people who paradoxically contract the sphincter and pelvic floor muscles, the tracing of electrical activity increases, instead of decreasing, during bearing down to simulate a bowel movement (defecation). Normal anal EMG activity with low anal squeeze pressures on manometry may indicate a torn sphincter muscle that could be repaired. Balloon Expulsion Test For this procedure, a small balloon is inserted into the rectum and then inflated with ater. The patient goes to the bathroom and tries to defecate (expel) the small balloon from the rectum. The amount of time it takes to expel the balloon is area. What can be learned from anorectal manometry? The anal and rectal area contains specialized muscles that are helpful to regulate proper passage of bowel movements. Normally, when stool enters the rectum, the anal sphincter muscle tightens to prevent passage of stool at an inconvenient time. If this muscle is weak or does not contract in a timely way, incontinence (leakage of stool) may occur. Normally, when a person pushes or bears down to have a bowel movement, the anal sphincter muscles relax. This will cause the pressures to decrease allowing evacuation of stool. If the sphincter muscles tighten when pushing, this could contribute to constipation. Anal manometry measures how strong the sphincter muscles are and whether they relax as they should during passing a stool. It provides helpful information to the doctor in treating patients with fecal incontinence or severe constipation. There are many causes of fecal incontinence. Weak anal sphincter muscles or poor ensation in the rectum can contribute to fecal incontinence. If these abnormalities are present, they can be treated. Biofeedback techniques using anal manometry and special exercises of the pelvic floor muscles can strengthen the muscles and improve sensation. This can help treat fecal incontinence. There are many causes of constipation. Some involve sluggish movement through the whole colon, whereas others involve the anal sphincter muscles. In some patients with constipation, the anal sphincter muscles do not relax appropriately when bearing down or pushing to have a bowel movement. This abnormal muscle function may cause a functional type of obstruction. Muscles that do not relax with bearing down can be retrained with biofeedback techniques using anal manometry. Risks of Anorectal Manometry Anorectal manometry is a safe, low risk procedure and is unlikely to cause any pain. Complications are rare: it is possible that a perforation (tearing) or bleeding of the rectum could occur. Equipment failure is a remote possibility. If you are allergic to latex, you should inform the nurse/technician before the test so that a latex free balloon can be used.

How Many Cups Is 4 Quarts A Conversion Guide

How Many Cups Is 4 Quarts A Conversion Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One of the types of questions you’ll see on both the SAT exam and the ACT exam are word problems. You know, situations where you’re given real-world scenarios, and you have to figure out the answer to a particular question based on the data you’re given. It’s common to see conversions in word problems. Conversions ask you to change a value from one form of measurement into another. In today’s article, we’re going to cover one specific type of measurement conversion: imperial volume conversion. Specifically, we’re going to show you how to figure out how many cups are in 4 quarts. (Spoiler alert: 16 cups are in 4 quarts!) We’ll teach you: The math formula for converting cups to quarts How to figure out how many cups is 4 quarts by figuring out the cups to quarts conversion How to read a chart that explains different imperial volume conversions Ready? Let’s dive in! Measurement Systems: Imperial vs Metric Volume measurements like ounces, cups, and quarts are all part of the imperial system of measurement, which is the primary method of measurement used in the United States. (Most of the world uses the metric system.) The metric system uses a base 10 system, meaning each measurement increases by a factor of 10. That’s why it’s so easy to convert in the metric systemall you have to do is move the decimal point left or right depending on the unit. So for example, it’s easy to convert 320 milliliters to centiliters...you just move the decimal point one position to the left. And voila! You’ve converted 320 milliliters to 32 centiliters! Unfortunately, the imperial system doesn’t use a base 10 system, which means conversions are much more confusing. In order to do imperial conversions correctly, you have to either a) memorize the different conversion values or b) use a conversion chart. That’s the most important factor in figuring out our quarts to cups conversion! But don’t worry. We’ve provided you a handy-dandy conversion chart below, and we recommend bookmarking this article so you’ll always have it handy! Quart to Cup Conversion: The Math Formula Okay, now that you understand how tricky conversions can be, let’s walk through one so you can see how to use a conversion chart to convert imperial measurements. Go ahead and scroll down to the chart. Follow the instructions in that section to figure out how many cups are in a quart. Did you do it? Then you know that four cups equals one quart! To write that as a mathematical formula to solve our conversion problem, we need to think about what we now know. We’ve figured out that there are four cups in one quart, which looks like this as a mathematical expression: 1Q = 4C In this case, â€Å"Q† stands for quarts and â€Å"C† stands for cups. (These aren’t variables you need to solve for.) Now all we have to do is work this equation. How Many Cups Is 4 Quarts? Okay, now that you know how to do the math, let’s figure out how many cups are in four quarts! To start off, let’s go back to our equation: 1Q = 4C Now, let’s think about what we know. We know we have four quarts, so we’ll have to multiply the left side of the equation by four to get the right value. But as you’ve learned, you can never change one side of the equation without doing the same thing to the other side. That means you’ll have to multiply the right side by four, too. Here’s what that looks like: 4 * 1Q = 4 * 4C Once we work that out, the final expression looks like this: 4Q = 16C In other words, we now know there are 16 cups in 4 quarts, and you’ve finished your conversion! How to Find Other Conversions Now that you know how to solve questions like â€Å"how many cups is 4 quarts,† you can do the same for any other imperial conversion on our conversion chart. The fundamental steps are always the same: Figure out what value you have and what value you need. Ask yourself, â€Å"what do I know† to find the value you have, and â€Å"what do I need to know† to find the value you need. Check the chart to get the right factor. You’re trying to figure out the 1 to 1 ratio here. So for our equation, it was four cups in 1 quart...but it could be anything! For example, if you wanted to work backward from quarts to cups, you’d have to multiply both sides of the equation by .25 instead. Set up the conversion as an expression. This is where you set the value you have as equal to the value you need. Multiply, multiply, multiply! Multiply both sides by the correct factor. And that’s it! It’s a little more work to do than metric conversions. But once you understand how conversion works, it’s a piece of cake! Volume Conversion Chart Like we mentioned earlier, the easiest way to figure out imperial conversions is to reference an imperial volume conversion chart. That’s why we’ve included a conversion chart here! Here’s how to use it for a quarts to cups conversion: Find the value that you know in the left column. So, if we’re trying to figure out how many cups is 4 quarts, we know how many quarts we have. That means we want to locate â€Å"quarts† in the left column. Now, find the value you want to convert to in the top row. In this case, we want to find â€Å"cups.† Go ahead and try that for yourself below: Tbsp. Cups Pints Quarts Gallons 1 Tbsp. - 1/16 1/32 1/64 1/256 1 Cup 16 - 1/2 1/4 1/16 1 Pint 32 2 - 1/2 1/8 1 Quart 64 4 2 - 1/4 1 Gallon 256 16 8 4 - You’ve now figured out that there are four cups in one quart, which is what you’ll use to solve our particular problem. But now that you have this chart, you can use the method we outlined above to do almost any conversion! What's Next? Conversions are just one type of math problem you might face. Make sure you’re prepared for the test by reading our Ultimate Guide to SAT Math Prep and our Ultimate Guide to ACT Math Prep! If you’re feeling pretty confident, why not test your skills against the 13 hardest SAT Math questions ever? If you can conquer those, you’ll likely do great on the SAT, too! (Here are the hardest math questions on the ACT, too.) If you need a little extra practice, why not check out some math prep books? Here’s a list of our favorites. Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Ashley Robinson About the Author Ashley Sufflà © Robinson has a Ph.D. in 19th Century English Literature. As a content writer for PrepScholar, Ashley is passionate about giving college-bound students the in-depth information they need to get into the school of their dreams. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Divorce ( by lack of communication skills) Essay

Divorce ( by lack of communication skills) - Essay Example So many times, people think of listening as simply hearing the words. This is not the case though as the process involves hearing the words, thinking about them and analyzing what the message is being conveyed beyond the words. Reacting quickly and furiously to words is just a sign of hearing but not listening, often resulting to a fight which eventually puts a hedge between couples if not breaking the bridge between them. On the other hand, speaking is construed as saying words to communicate what is in one’s mind. Howbeit, this is usually abused with one party wanting to be considered most of the time. This causes problems which could result to getting tired of a spouse’s much talk, leading to bickering that could worsen to fights and eventually separation. Concurrently, silence would be the resort of the partner who does not like to fight verbally which is a form of communication problem with the person involved being unable to express what is in his heart. Behind communication as a cause for divorce, there are still so many issues that need to be considered which this paper can not contain due to some restrictions. In any case, it is the purpose of this paper to show that communication problem is one of the reasons for divorce which was discussed earlier. In this regard, it might be good for couples to have counseling on this to reduce the risks of divorce which can cause lack of con fidence, and more communication

Home solar applications Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Home solar applications - Research Paper Example This could be as simple as ‘upgrading hot-water heating system or as complex as considering the application of green building design principles. Berry (88) reveals that these systems are known to use heat emitted from the sun for a number of household purposes including space, water and pool heating through radiant floors. Successful installation of an efficient solar domestic hot-water system translates to the drastic reduction of water heating, natural gas and electric bills. Tiwari (25) asserts that installation of solar power in homes guarantees financial paybacks in less than eight years. Solar power systems have been accurately designed to be used in almost any location even areas where there is little exposure to direct sunlight (Solar Technologies, 1). ` These systems operate on the principle of utilizing heat and light from the sun without influence mechanical devises. Passive solar systems are built on the principles of maximum energy efficiency. Glazed windows, heat absorbing thermal mass, south-facing windows, and overhangs are examples of passive solar design (Berry, 110). Additionally, these designs are commonly located on floors and walls that are exposed to direct light through southern windows. This solar power system uses light emitted by the sun to successfully excite photo electron in order to generate electricity. Consequently, solar modules are durable and require exceptionally minimal maintenance. This category of solar power systems is sub-divided into grid-tied systems (with or without battery backup) and off-grid systems the following illustration according Oksolar (1) are meant to give a clear impression solar electric. Figure 2 is a clear representation of a grid-tie system with backup power. This is very essential especially in the event of technical hitches that tend to tamper with the normal functioning of the entire system (Rutledge, 1). Figure 1 above is a basic grid-tie

The Work Of Ruth Benedict

The Work Of Ruth Benedict Ruth Benedicts studies on moral relativism produced intriguing information regarding cultures, how they behave, and how customs are essential in determining an individuals perception of right and wrong. Among her most notable works is the book Patterns of Culture, which provides readers with a thorough explanation of the diversity put across by various cultures and of how it is wrong to judge one relating to principles that are not present in his or her culture. Speaking about Dobu Islanders and Kwakiutls Benedict proves that the people in these two groups should not be condemned because of the way they perceive life. The main point stressed by Benedict is that morals are not the same for every culture and that one cannot consider that all people have the same outlook on notions like right and wrong. Not only were Dobu Islanders considered by white people to be abnormally savage for the territories they inhabited, but they were also harshly criticized by the tribes neighboring them, which were to some extent equally unsophisticated. In point of fact, during the early twentieth century white people recognized Dobu Islanders primarily for their poverty and because they were willing to work for low wages. In contrast to white people, the communities neighboring the Dobuans feared them because of their extreme way of living, which sometimes involved performing acts of cannibalism (Benedict 131). The Dobuans amply deserve the character they are given by their neighbors. They are lawless and treacherous (Benedict 131). Surely, this is most people would think when seeing things from what they perceive as being a general point of view, one that strictly distinguishes between concepts like right and wrong. Benedict however goes on to relate to moral relativism and to how the general public is wrong in believing that they can be impartial in defining principles relating to right and wrong. These two concepts are actually very subjective, since almost every culture perceives them differently. Dobuans are different from the rest of the world because of a series of reason, most of them being rather normal for the general public. Curiously, the Dobu society functions unlike other communities, given that it does not respect an exact hierarchy and does not follow any rules other than those involving treachery and hostility. The general rule applied in the Dobu community is that referring to how every mans hand is against every other man (Bendict 131). Still, as Benedict describes, Dobuans manage to get through the day without producing chaos and anarchy is among the last concepts that should be related to this culture (Benedict 131). In spite of the fact that Dobuans respect little to no rules that are highly praised in the so-called civilized world, they are nonetheless certain that what they do is perfectly right. In addition to living in an apparent state of lawlessness, Dobuans have rules that are based on aggression and that thoroughly relate to what is and what is not permitted when concerning unfriendliness. The Dobu Islanders believe that it is perfectly natural if they perform acts of betrayal and violence as long as they do so in what they perceive as being an organized environment. The very union that unites most communities that of marriage between individual coming from two enemy groups is not considered by Dobuans to bring any change in their lives, as they continue to hate each-other as they did before. Witchcraft is an essential element in Dobuan culture, since it is the reason for which most individuals perform a particular mission. With the intervention of white individuals, more and more Dobuans have expressed their desire to escape their community in exchange of what the general public sees as being hard labor. This desire to work in inhumane conditions for low wages is the result of the work they would otherwise be forced to do in their own villages. The Dobuan community sees nothing wrong with the fact that a man who was caught overnight in the residence of a woman should be forced to work for the womans father and for his own family for a year, until he is considered free to join the community as a member with full rights. Eating together is yet a nother example that assists the couple uniting under the ceremony of marriage. Although most of the Western World would be inclined to believe that there is nothing abnormal about the fact that Dobuans organize marriages in accordance to the general way in which a wedding takes place, matters are actually different. Indeed, Dobuans allow husbands and wives to stay together under the same roof and to provide food for their children. However, because mothers and motherline in general are especially important for Dobuans, couples are required to reside alternately in the grooms tribe and in the brides tribe for one year at a time, resolving the predicament easily but beyond the understanding of most of the civilized world (Bendict 139). Dobuans typically believe that one can only achieve success through cheating others into giving him what is rightfully theirs. The Dobuan culture provides individuals with complex information relating to how they can perform acts of treachery. Dobuans thus consider morality to relate only to their conception of society and to concepts such as right and wrong. The general public already has an understanding of right and wrong and considers Dobuans to act immorally, even with the fact that Dobu Islanders are merely doing what they were taught to do and are respecting the values imposed on them by their community (Bendict 142). Bendicts view on moral relativism relates to cultural relativism, since it involves the theory that an individuals behavior and convictions should be analyzed from the standpoint of the respective individuals culture. Morality is essentially relative and even with the fact that Western philosophers have produced complex theories related to ethical behavior, the information they generated is mostly useful, since it can only be applied to a limited number of cultures and even in these cultures the concepts of right and wrong can be considered to be unbalanced. To some extent, the presently extinct Kwakiutl population that once resided on the northwest coast of the American continent is similar to the Dobu Islanders. They too praised the supernatural and went through great efforts to attain it, even resorting to committing acts of cannibalism. Violence was a foremost element in the lives of Kwakiutls, as they did not hesitate to use aggression every time they had the opportunity to do so. Acts of aggression were actually part of ceremonies related to the communitys economy and the fighting abilities it possessed. It was essential for one to demonstrate his or her superiority in front of their opponents through making use of violence. According to Benedict, the object of all Kwakiutl enterprise was to show oneself superior to ones rivals (Bendict 190). In spite of their anomalous behavior, Kwakiutls simply did what their society taught them. Performing mostly every act that was not in accordance to their instinct provided Kwakiutls with enlightenment and they were determined to use every means possible with the purpose of reaching this state (Benedict 79). The concepts promoted by the Kwakiutl society are extremely unclear and complex, given that Kwakiutls were extremely devoted to serving their purpose and did not hesitate to perform inexplicable acts that they saw as being right. Not only were the Kwakiutls certain that they had to perform abnormal acts in order to become one with the supernatural, but they believed that these nonstandard performances were by and large obligatory to be associated to pain and torment. The most explanatory paragraph in Benedicts book relating to how Kwakiutls were certain that violence was the answer to virtually everything is the one speaking about the fact that these individuals believed that all of their gods were evil, since they could not comprehend a god that performs good deeds. They did not suppose that supernatural beings were beneficent. They knew that hurricanes and avalanches were not, and they attributed to the Gods the characteristics of the natural world (Benedict 221). It would be unlik ely for a Kwakiutl to be influenced in believing that the divine can also put across kindness, given that one cannot explain how gods can be good and produce hurricanes and avalanches for no actual reason at the same time. As demonstrated by Benedict in her description of the Dobuan and Kwakiutl cultures, it is illogical to attempt to determine if a particular act is right or wrong, considering that it can be understood as good from the standpoint of a particular culture whereas another can perceive it as being totally immoral. Just as each individual from a community can express subjective convictions regarding a topic in particular, a community as a whole can put across subjective ideas regarding what qualifies as being acceptable and what can be identified as being intolerable.

Legal Process on BC Essay

COMM 393 PRACTICE QUESTION Mike, owner of Amazing Mike’s Marketing Services Company, has come to see you. He has been sued in the Small Claims Court of British Columbia by an employee he terminated when he decided to â€Å"modernize† his company by eliminating any employees who were not under age 25, blond, and Christian. He thought doing this would improve his own business image. Grace, the terminated employee, has brought a claim, asking for wages and damages in the amount of $75,000, bringing her claim under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Review with Mike any legal issues he may use to defend the claim brought by Grace. ISSUE 1: (what is the LEGAL issue the judge will have to decide?) LAW: (use your textbook, cases we have studied in class, statutes, and class notes as sources of law) APPLICATION: (apply the law to the facts. Make arguments for the plaintiff AND defendant) CONCLUSION: (this is the answer to the Issue) ISSUE 2: LAW: APPLICATION: CONCLUSION: Review with Mike any legal issues he may use to defend the claim brought by Grace. 1.Can Grace bring her action against Mike in Small Claims Court? The law is that an action can only be commence in Small Claims Court in B.C. where there is a civil action and the remedy sought is damages of less than or equal to $25,000. Although Grace has commenced her action in Small Claims for $75,000, Mike would argue that since Grace is suing for $75,000 she must  commence the action against him in the Supreme Court of B.C. and not in Small Claims Court. Grace will not be able to bring this case in Small Claims Court. 2.Can Grace base her claim on the Charter of Rights and Freedoms? Section 15 of the Charter states that every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to the equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination and, in particular, without discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, sex, age or mental or physical disability. Grace will argue that she is being discriminated against under this section. However, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms applies only to Government and Government action or decision making. It prevents the government from creating laws or taking action that would be contrary to the rights guaranteed in the Charter. The Charter does not apply in interpersonal relationships. In this case because the action by Grace involves an interpersonal relationship between an employer and an employee, the Charter would not apply. She would have to base her arguments on the appropriate section(s) of the Human Rights Code. It seems that Mike’s defences under these two grounds would be successful. He may be able to stall the action brought by Grace but perhaps not eliminate it. She will have to begin her action in B.C. Supreme Court for breach of the Human Rights Code (not the Charter of Rights and Freedoms)

Junot Diaz s The Real Reason Why Diaz - 1425 Words

A unique writer is someone who expresses his or her feelings throughout his narratives. Junot Diaz in my opinion is a unique writer. Growing up in the Dominican Republic, raced only by his hard-working mother, Junot Diaz learned very valuable lessons during his childhood that helped him become who he is today. Junot Diaz writes great stories that allow him to open up his feeling of what it means to be an immigrant from the Dominican Republic throughout his narratives. Diaz humbleness and compassion towards others is illustrated in his writing. Not only does Diaz write amazing novels and short stories, but he also takes action towards exposing the problems that the Dominican people, especially women encounter everyday. Several people†¦show more content†¦While it is absolutely wrong for a woman to cheat on a man. In the eyes of a machismo society if a man cheats it is a way of proving his manhood ,but if a woman cheats she is considered to a hussy. Many people, especially w omen with no Latin background who read Diaz’s work might think that Diaz is an antifeminist because of the way he objectifies women in his novels. Mainly on his novel This is how you lose her. Women are constantly objectified as sexual objects, for example, in his the short story â€Å" Nilda† he describes Nilda his brother s girlfriend as, â€Å" She was a Dominican , from here, and had super-long hair like those Pentecostal girls, and a chest you wouldn’t believe.† The way he describes Nilda is very sexist, but as the story progresses the reader can tell that since the beginning of the story this girl had no future. A person with a Latin background can interpret this part of the story as Diaz’s exposing Machismo. For example, Nilda being objectified as a sexual object plays a huge part in what women in a Latin community deal with everyday. Mostly because machismo in most Latin countries is perceived as part of the norm. Oftentimes, women are trea ted as secondary class citizens with no voice. Diaz does a great job exposing machismo in his stories. By exposing machismo in his stories Diaz is revealing the unfairness of what is means to be a woman form a

Historic Congressional Hearings

The Problem Of Human Trafficking - 1387 Words

Introduction and thesis During the past 10 years’ human trafficking has recognized as major illegal and problematic activity within the criminal justice system throughout the United States and a majority of the world. Although much attention has been paid to the worldwide aspect of human trafficking it is important to realize its domestic prevalence. According to ------------------ and estimated 200,0000 to 300,000 immigrants are trafficked illegally within the United States from impoverished countries. The topic of human trafficking has proved to be the point of interest amongst advocates of human rights as well as the media as it violates basic human rights at its core. Shared Hope International, a nonprofit organization, has found that most of the identified victims in Texas cities are racial minorities and come from households with vulnerable socioeconomic status. Although human trafficking has gained prevalence in the past years and it’s a relatively new phenomenon it has gained the atten tion of policy makers to adjust laws to protect those who may become involved or become victims of this trend. This essay will serve to discuss the prevalence of human trafficking, especially within the illegal immigrant community, there are several keys which make this particular population susceptible to his type of illicit and illegal activity In the U.S., we tell ourselves that we ve learned this lesson, that we don t value one human life over another. Yet, in the world today,Show MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1498 Words   |  6 Pagesthese problems. Taking a closer look at an ongoing issue highly prevalent in our world today, it is easy to see that other issues feed off it, and can contribute to the issue at hand. The issue I want to focus on is human trafficking. This type of criminalization is often one that is overlooked, most people believing that it is some sort of â€Å"myth,† or that this type of action happens to very few, and is only part of developing countries. However, the truth of the matter is that human trafficking occursRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1328 Words   |  6 Pagestaken from their homes and put into human trafficking. Every individual is supposed to be given the opportunity to a long and happy life but, with human trafficking standing in the way, millions of pe ople are subjected to illnesses, diseases, and unhappiness. Human trafficking has taken over the lives of many, especially in Bangladesh. A country that is subjected to filth, poverty, and sex trafficking. Bangladesh is one of the top countries for human trafficking. The people of Bangladesh are in needRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1283 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to the topic human trafficking, mostly everyone knows that it has a lot of history to its name. According to ben skinner, â€Å" there are more slaves in the world today then ever before†(E. Benjamin pg. xi). There have been many incidents and cases with human trafficking such as, sex trade, smuggling, violence, etc. Today, one can show how real is Human Trafficking. This paper details the big enigma exist todays date, that Human Trafficking is real. Trafficking can happen in almost everyRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1439 Words   |  6 Pages Though it may be receiving more attention in recent years, it could be argued that the complete magnitude of human trafficking is still not fully comprehended. Professor of Epidemiology, Rezaeian Mohsen, has stated that, â€Å"The ultimate intention of human trafficking is to give illegitimate power to a human being in order to force another human being to be a subject of modern slavery i.e. prostitution, sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery, etc.† (Mohsen, 2016, p.36). This type of illegitimateRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1080 Words   |  5 Pagesinevitable. The thought of writing my essay was frightening enough but deciding on a topic and searching for sources was a completely different story. After a few sleepless nights, I finally decided on my topic, human trafficking. I chose this topic because I believe human trafficking is a problem not only in America but worldwide and needs to be taken seriously. My strong dislike for research papers is not someth ing to hide but I am hoping for the best for this essay and the class. As I began researchingRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking883 Words   |  4 Pagesinterest in ending human trafficking, a complex and multi-faceted phenomenon, has been slow and selective. The inner reason for the poor success is the prevailing conception of the problem. 2. This paper argues that the limited success in fighting human trafficking is to a large extent the result of framing the existing debate of human trafficking as predominantly a matter of prevention and protection rather than addressing the global market conditions within which human trafficking thrives . UnlikeRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction- A million of women children are trafficking worldwide every year it is problem of developed and developing and under developing country, issue found that across the nation are can say that trafficking is flowing to underdeveloped country to developing country or developing country to develop country. It has been made big market of human trafficking. Human trafficking is the third big benefitted industry in the world. At least million of children using in the prostitution for-profitRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking2103 Words   |  9 PagesHuman Trafficking Introduction The problem of human trafficking affects many countries around the world. In practice, it is a transnational organized crime in which participants have networks in different countries where they source and sell their victims. Human trafficking has adverse effects on the victims as well as the entire society. Accordingly, many countries have implemented different policies in an effort to combat this social concern. Despite these policies and intervention measures, humanRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking1168 Words   |  5 Pagesa form of what we know today as human trafficking. The trafficking in persons is a form of modern day slavery, and exploits it’s victims into a slavery type setting such as manual labor or for commercial sex purposes. Many adults and elderly make up a great number of the humans that are trafficked each year, but the general population is children since they are usually helpless and are easier to manipulate since they are still in the ages of lear ning. Trafficking people is a very serious crime andRead MoreHuman Trafficking. Human Trafficking Has Been A Problem1487 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Trafficking Human trafficking has been a problem for too long. It affects many people at a time. There are many stories about different people who had been taken. The traffickers have different strategies in order to pull in different people. Human trafficking is not only in America, but in every part of the world. Around 4.5 million victims get stuck in sex trafficking. There are many ways to help stop human trafficking that are not hard to do and do not cost any money. If everybody could

Telephone and Fax Machines Free Essays

Critically evaluate the tools (letters, e-mail, video conference, memo, phone) of business communication in a commercial organization. To visit any commercial organization, to understand the working and importance of each of these tools. Memo A memorandum or memo is a document or other communication that helps the memory by recording events or observations on a topic, such as may be used in a business office. We will write a custom essay sample on Telephone and Fax Machines or any similar topic only for you Order Now Letters A commercial business letter is a letter written in formal language, usually used when writing from one business organization to another, or for correspondence between such organizations and their customers, clients and other external parties. E-mail An email message consists of three components, the messageenvelope, the message header, and the message body. The message header contains control information, including, minimally, an originator’s email address and one or more recipient addresses. Usually descriptive information is also added, such as a subject header field and a message submission date/time stamp. Video Conference A videoconference or video conference (also known as a videoteleconference) is a set of interactivetelecommunication technologies which allow two or more locations to interact via two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously. Fax A fax (short for facsimile) is a document sent over a telephone line. Fax machines have existed, in various forms, since the 19th century, though modern fax machines became feasible only in the mid-1970s as the sophistication of technology increased and cost of the three underlying technologies dropped. Businesses usually maintain some kind of fax capability, the technology has faced increasing competition from Internet-based alternatives. However, fax machines still retain some advantages, particularly in the transmission of sensitive material which, if sent over the Internet unencrypted, may be vulnerable to interception, without the need for telephone tapping. In some countries, because electronic signatures on contracts are not recognized by law while faxed contracts with copies of signatures are, fax machines enjoy continuing support in business. Telephone The telephone often colloquially referred to as a phone, is atelecommunications device that transmits and receives sound, most commonly the human voice. Telephones are a point-to-pointcommunication system whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to each other. It is one of the most common appliances in thedeveloped world, and has long been considered indispensable to businesses, households and governments. Circulars Flyers are typically used by individuals or businesses to promote their products or services. They are a form of mass marketing or small scale, communitycommunication. Office circulars are used in the company to convey the same information to all the employees. Make a report based on the accounting books maintained by a manufacturing concern. To study the way they are maintained. JOURNAL Journal is the book in which the transactions are entered the first time they are processed . PETTY CASH BOOK A petty cash book is a record of small value purchases usually controlled by imprest system. Items such as coffee, tea, birthday cards for employees, a few dollars if you’re short on postage, are listed down in the petty cash book. How to cite Telephone and Fax Machines, Papers

Cultural Difference Between India and Australia

Question: Describe about the Cultural Difference of India Vs Australia? Answer: 1.0 Executive Summary This report would help in providing inside knowledge on what can a international manager face when working in a cross cultural environment. The Report would focus mainly on Australia and India culture and would provide the details on how the organizational culture is different and also similar in some aspects. Details on how decision making and communication style are in both the countries and what negotiation styles should be preferred. The report would also provide the details on how international manager should interact with his subordinates in Australia and India. it would also focus on how the gender role are quite same in both the countries. 2.0 Introduction Organizational culture is a way of looking at and thinking about the behavior of people, individually and in groups in organizations. Bower, M., 1966. The way we do things around here, The Will to Manage. The concept of organizational culture has three general sources or determinants (Ott, 1989:75). These are the fundamental starting points of this study. These determinants are: the broader societal culture in which the organization resides; the nature of an organization's business or business environment, and thirdly the beliefs, values and basic assumptions held by the founders or other early dominant leaders as well as the workers. Management is concerned with examining the future and drawing up a plan of action; building the structure, material and human of an undertaking; maintaining activity among personnel; binding together, unifying and harmonizing all activity and effort; and seeing that everything occurs in conformity with established rules and expressed command (Fayol, cited in Pugh, 1990). While in the multinational business model, it is very important for managers to understand the cultural background to be successful in a cross cultural environment. This below report will analyze the first two gigantic countries, Australia and India. The report would also keep the focus on Hofstede's five dimensions which are Power distance (PDI), individualism versus collectivism (IDV), masculinity versus femininity (MAS), long-term versus short-term orientation (LTO), and indulgence versus restraint (IND) (Ahlstrom, D. And Bruton, G.D. ,2009). 3.0 Negotiation Style Cross-cultural negotiations are very common in the current world scenario where in business is expanding across nations. These negotiations can occur between people from different countries. Negotiations plays an important part in concluding at an agreement (Bandias 2012). Australian and Indian styles of negotiations would be discussed in detail in this report. Australians do not negotiate in extreme pressure conditions. They like directness. Hence it is better to give an argument which has some option and facts. Australians are generally experienced in performing business and interaction with people from different cultural background. They have a homogenous culture (Lothar Katz). Indian civilization is group-oriented. Personal relationships are given due consideration in Indian culture. Discussions about the family and friends are considered important for the establishment of a business relationship. Bonds are based on mutual faith and esteem. It takes a long time to build relations hips. Indians are friendly and courteous. They do business dealing who behaves with them equally and authentically (Lothar Katz). 3.1 Negotiating Goal: Contract Or Elationship: Apprehending and switching conferences summaries can be an active way to authenticate understanding and commitments. Interim agreements are not given final consideration. Binding agreement is a document signed by both parties. Written agreementtends to be long.It contains comprehensive terms and conditions of main agreement and the other possibilities.Signing contract means from legal aspects andcommitment of Australian partnership. It is always advisable to meet a lawyer before signing any agreement. Desires to change agreement may be assumed as immoral and will encounter with tough resistance. It is significant to uphold on-time deliveries. Whereas when it comes to India contracts even oral are assumed as a binding agreement. However, it is the best to sign a final agreement by both parties. A written contract should be flawless and brief without comprehensive terms and conditions. Signing contract means both from legal aspect and commitment of Indian partnership. The legal process is slow and time consuming in India, but legal rights can be enforced (Lothar Katz). 3.2 Negotiating Attitude: Win-Win Or Win-Lose Negotiation means in Australia, is to involve in a friendly discussion aimed to arrive at a solution which is delightful to both the parties that is buyer and seller. Both have the responsibility to arrive at mutual solution. Their aim is to achieve short term and long term profits. The basic negotiation is two way and compromising in order to achieve the target of negotiation. Australian concept is to have faith in win-win. They expect to give in return respect and belief. In Indian scenario, the basic approach in negotiating is to utilize distributive and eventuality negotiating. The buyer remains in higher position in a business dealing as well as in case of having the responsibility for attaining the agreement. Partnerships are generally long termed as their aim is to achieve long term gains. Indians have a win-win approach to the solution and they believe in extended relationships. They avoid conflict. In any case, if a dispute arises they behave with esteem, readiness and openness to compromise. The long-term vision contributes to aim of building relationships for their negotiators which last longer than any short-term negotiations (Bandias 2012). 3.3 Personal Style: Informal Or Formal Australians do not make use of Titles. They call a person by his first name followed by family name. Mr./Ms is used with the family name. Handshakes are used while introducing one another. They use greetings like pleased to meet you. Indians pay due importance to the Academic and professional titles. These are used when you address a person. Mr./Ms is used by first name. Traditional style of Indians is to join the hand together for greeting which is called Namaste. 3.4 Communication: Direct Or Indirect Australian evades complicated language. They speak English which is easy to understand. They express negative emotions and positive emotions very frequently, which in turn do not influence their business dealings. They like the people who express their opinion. It does not matter whether they are convinced by their opinion or not. Australians try to behave in a respectful and a gracious manner. People with indirect style of communication regularly assumption about the information possessed by their opposite number Salacuse (1998). In India, Hindi is the national language, although business people speak good English. It is always advisable to speak short sentences with simple English. Indians speak in gentle tones to show the politeness and courtesy for others. Positive emotions are expressed openly. Open conflicts and discrepancies are avoided. They avoid giving their opinion about anything. 3.5 Sensitivity To Time: High Or Low Australia has a culture where people are very loyal to their schedules and are very particular about time. If they miss any timeline they consider it to be a bad and inefficient management. For attaining a deadline Australian devote their weekend and work beyond their normal working hours. Intercultural management achievement can be judged by the individual capability to meet up deadline. Indian people are usually cautious regarding time guidelines and deadlines are taken very seriously in business setup. As Indian culture does give great importance to relationship so there may be cases wherein some elasticity is provided in the schedules. The importance of timelines which was agreed upon should be reinforced and also should be made aware of the fact that it may affect the organization if the schedule is missed. However, the chances that the deadline would be met are quite high. 3.6 Emotions: High Or Low The report shows that there is equal tendency of Australians and Indians in negotiating the trait emotion. Both the country people have better control on their feeling which helps in keeping a calm business atmosphere. 3.7 Form Of Agreement: General Or Specific Australian tend to consent to a comprehensive contract in which all the terms and conditions are mentioned. A contract is signed by both parties with mutual consent. A legal document is prepared by the lawyer. In India oral contracts are given due consideration, whereas it is always better to do written agreement. The written contract does not include detailed terms and conditions. Indians prefer general principles than that of specific as that of Australian. 3.8 Building An Agreement: Bottom-Up Or Top-Down There are different methods which can be followed while finalizing an agreement, these could be either inductive method or deductive method.When we consider the inductive method (bottom-up) it has to be precise on either Product,Quality,Cost and the total sum of all of these things. Whereas when we talk about deductive method(top-down) it would start with a general discussion and lead to a particular thing or topic. Indians prefer to follow the deductive method and Australian's prefer to start with inductive method. 3.9 Team Organization: One Leader Versus Consensus /Leadership Style The democratic idea in organizations of Australian maintains a two way and take part in management method. Australian play emphasis on teamwork rather than on the single persons contribution. Respect and status play an important part when you work in the Indian environment. When someone is working as a team or collective setting the risk factor increases. The ideas should be given in a gentle manner so that the reputation of others should not be affected by it and no one get hurt. Intercultural sensitivity is also important when the ideas between the various groups are discussed. In contrast, independent, self-control is the model of self based on characteristics that are unique to oneself. With an independent, self-construal,behavior is organized and made meaningful primarily by reference to ones own internal repertoire of thoughts, feelings, and actions, rather than by reference to the thoughts, feelings, and actions of others (Markus Kitayama, 1991). This self-construal is similar to Hofstedes (1983) individualistic culture, which emphasized self-esteem, self-identity, and self-image, with personal goals superseding those of the group, and competitive interactions the norm (Chen Starosta, 1998).The United States, Australia, Great Britain, Denmark and Canada are examples of countries. 3.10 Risk Taking: High Or Low In Australia the risk factor is very high and they acknowledge the change. They consider risk taking as a necessary step for success so in their view even if they are a failure due to risk it is not a negative thing. Even if there is a failure due to risk it is not considered as an end of the world and the person is always considered for a second chance. Managers are practical ,they have achievement oriented outlook. Their concern is to find out the ways in which a plan can be made successful. Managers have the center of attention on positive vision and chance (Kwintessential 2012). In India, there is the average acceptance of change and also the risk factor is moderate. Track record of various innovations is kept if they are adapted and implemented. The history is also maintained for various discoveries (Kwintessential 2012). Failure is considered as the loss of self belief by a person and others around him. Intercultural sensitivity is essential for group discussion and meetings for the individuals participating in them. 4.0 Decision Making: There is a vast difference in the way roles are viewed in Australia and India. Australia has an egalitarian business set up wherein all the people are considered important and are given due respect. The person in the managerial position does not feel inferior while taking information needed from his subordinates. The manager also makes use of intellect of his subordinates in decision making (Kwintessential 2012). Protocols and rituals are quite strict in Indian culture. The manager has to be aware of the fact that Indian system has a very strong ladder structure in a business set up. Everyone has divergent role in the organization. There is a high chance that the manager might not consider his subordinates in the decision making process as maintaining the role is an important factor. Employees are considered very important in decision making in any organization when it comes to Australia. The failure or success of the company also influences them as they were part of the decision making process. If the employees are not being given importance in the decision making, it could lead in productivity depreciation (Kwintessential 2012). In India the decision making is done by the manager and is liable for the work performed by his subordinates. There is always a need of middle manager which may help the manager to take the final decision. There is a defined behavior for a person in a defined position.If he performs the task of the lower people it is not considered as a good thing and can also affect his position. It is considered that the work should be performed according to the hierarchy and each person has to perform his role according to his job title. 5.0 Communication Style Previous research has noted self-construal plays an important role in determining approaches to communication and conflict (Ting-Toomey 2001) Australians are business minded and they do not consider it important to make use of an intermediate person for business enhancement. They believe that networking plays a very critical role in the victory of a long term business. A senior executive has a good relationship with one another in the same industry. The population of Australia is very less as compared to India and many people spend their entire life while living in the same place, people endeavor to have a good relationship with one another as there is no certainty when they have to work against each other. Australia culture is direct which is reflected in the way management communicates with their employees. Even in an organization employee prefer to be communicated directly. They also like to have some humor even during a direct and serious talk. Employees do not like to have some selling techniques being applied to them. A relaxed attribute must not be foreseen as a lack of dedication or attention they do go into detail even though it might not seem so. Most Asian Indians exhibit interdependent self- construal and prefer silence and indirect communication (Hughes, Baldwin 2003). In Indian Cross cultural management Personal relationships are giv en due attention. Personal relationships are important factor when it comes to conducting business in India, as the basics are self-esteem and belief. For good relationship between the manager and his subordinate lot of time is required. Manager's require tolerance and determination. Indians are less argumentative. Major decisions are taken by the higher authorities, but it may take time as the process is slow. While doing negotiations with employees do not be too much into legal aspects as Indian have less belief in legal system rather they would trust more on your words. Furthermore, studies indicate that Indian people have a preference more for indirect communication and their sensitivity is also higher as compared to Western people (Kapoor 2003). 6.0 Protocol Greeting Business Signals and body language be able to act, but not excessively so. A little bit of physical contacts is made by Australians such as backslap. It is considered as a sign of friendship. Arm upward movement combined with thumbs-up sign is assumed as rude gesture. Eye contact between the people is quite infrequent. Looking in the eyes of a person conveys sincerity. In Australia, staring at people makes them uncomfortable (Lothar Katz). Signals and body language are quite broader in India than in different Asian nations. Physical contacts are generally avoided except handshakes. For giving blessings elderly people sometimes do so. The Indians made an eye contact with children. Looking away is considered as a gesture of respect rather than insincerity or untruthfulness. Business Meeting For doing a business initial contacts are benefitted but it is not only the prerequisite. Individuals or group of people conducts discussions in the country. Australians are not forever well aligned, which results to take part against each other. Meetings are planned 1 week in advance. The agenda of the meeting is to call the top executive for the discussion instead of taking status. Australian expect their foreign delegates to be on time. Late for ten to fifteen minutes without a genuine reason is considered as a crime in Australian business. For making rapport meetings are initiated with small talks. Sense of humor is welcomed by the people of Australia, but not in excess. Paradoxical and mordant can be the humor of Australian. They register this type of humor to show their disagreement. Persons living is not the subject of meetings. The environment of the meeting is informal. The basic aim is to determine the business topic and to know one another (Lothar Katz). Presentation mater ial must be eye-catching, with high quality and apparent visuals. It should be easy and uncomplicated. While introducing the product to the Australians strong and feeble points should be discussed openly. If the presentation would be presented with hype and excitement than it may bring suspicion in the minds of the people. Excess details are also not appreciated by the Australian people. Local intermediary play a significant role in India. The person would bridge the civilization and interactions gap and plan within the India's complicated bureaucracy, receiving the required documents signed and embossed. Discussions in India can be done by an individual or the team. Every team has a specific role assigned to every member. The members of a team are avoided as it may start building relationship process again. Meetings are planned four weeks prior. Indian meetings generally start late, but they expect their foreign delegates to be on time. It is good to be on time as Indians appreciate punctuality. For establishing personal rapport meetings are initiated with personal talk. It includes query about the family and allow the persons involved in meeting to be aware. Friendly humor is appreciated by Indians, but they do not like to be sarcastic. The basic purpose of the meeting is to know one another. Business discussion is not the mere agenda of the meeting. It can be disc ussed at a later stage. Straight discussions are usually neither expected nor not encouraged in the initial meetings. Presentation material must be good looking, with excellent and apparent visuals. Technical expertise influences the Indians. Translation of the presentation material in English or the other language is generally not essential (Lothar Katz). 7.0 Company Loyalty Loyalty towards your organization depends on many factors out of which one of the most important ones is power distance.It is efficient in determining the extent to which there has been the distribution of power within the society being insured and it also determines the level of equality of distribution (Varvouzou and Zasepa, 2013).India has a power distance rating of 77 whereas Australia has it as 36 which indicates that India. As India is a group oriented society as compare to Australia, which is more of individual driven society, Indians tend to be more are more loyal as compare to Australians. 8.0 Gender Roles Australian females are still behind than males in comparison of the income and authority. However, they have got important roles in the business and other fields. Women should be given equal respect than that of men. A visiting entrepreneur may have less difficulties in the nation. Indian society is governed by males. There are women in important positions, but they are still struggling to get the same income and power as men have in the society. On the other hand visiting entrepreneur have less difficulties in the nation if they work professionally in their business and society.Women like to have more indirect communication in comparison to men (Ellis and Wittenbaum 2000). 9.0 Rewards Rewards play a critical role in motivating the employees in an organization. The preference of a type of Rewards can vary based on the country of the employee. Performance and rewards are linked with each other (Bandias 2012). Rewards should be more than just money or any other award, as each person prefers to be rewarded in one way or the other hence the organization should have a reward system wherein the person to feel that his efforts are recognized by the organization. Indian do prefer to be rewarded with promotions, Recognition from their superiors and financial benefits, whereas Australians would like to be rewarded by getting holiday leaves and additional time for the personal life so that they have work-life balance. 10.0 Work Discipline Professionalism is expected by managers from their employ in Australia. The major concern of a manager is not micro managing their subordinates rather it is attaining a target, productivity and earnings. Managers admire the new ideas given by an individual, although the final decision is always that of a manager. In the Australian cultured business set up specialized understanding is respected irrespective of the levels. Employees are to be consulted when there are decisions to be taken which in turn would have a direct or indirect affect on them. An intercultural management can only be successful if they tie together the talent of their employees. In India, the supervisor's work is to keep a constant check on the work done by their subordinates. They provide constant feedback to them. Their task is to monitor that work assign to them is completed on proper time with quality assurance. Manager's in India also get involved in the personal issues like health, family and other issues of their subordinates. Manager's also try to provide any constructive feedback for employees personal life. 11.0 Conclusion To conclude this report the main findings are highlighted as follows. When we compare the negotiation styles of India and Australia there are some similarities like both the countries have a Win-Win Approach but when it comes to contracts the written contracts are less comprehensive for India as compared to Australia. People of both the countries respect and value timelines and deadlines and they try their level best to achieve these. When it comes to risk taking abilities Australians are high risk taker whereas Indians do not prefer to take high risks. Even in the case of decision making there is a significant difference in the way the decisions are made by both the countries, Australians are not shy to involve subordinate whereas in India it is more of the managers who make the decisions. As importance is given to relationship in India the communication style is also quite different from Australia, where there is a direct style of communication, whereas in India it is more of indirect type of communication. Both the countries are same when it comes to female and male comparison on Income and status. Lastly, in Australia people are expected to complete the work and very little supervision is required, whereas supervision is required in India. 12 References: Ahlstrom, D. and Bruton, G.D. (2009), International Management: Strategy and Culture in the Emerging World, Cengage Learning. Bandias, S 2012, Student Study Pack: PRBM016- Cross-Cultural Management, Charles Darwin University, Darwin. Black, R.J. (2003), Organisational Culture: Creating the Influence Needed for Strategic Success, Universal-Publishers. Bissell, G. and Dolan, P. (2012), Organisational Behaviour for Social Work, Policy Press. Eliot, T.S. (2014), Notes towards the Definition of Culture, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Fridenson, P. (1996) Multinationals: The Cultural Dimension, pp.155-156, Retrieved from https://www.thebhc.org/publications/BEHprint/v025n2/p0155-p0158.pdf Fox, W. (2007), Managing Organisational Behaviour, Juta and Company Ltd. Griffin, R. (2011), Fundamentals of Management, 6th ed., Cengage Learning. Hofstede, G. (1984), Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values, SAGE Publications. https://geert-hofstede.com/ International journal of Intercultural Relations, vol. 27, no. 6,. Kapoor, S, Hughes, P.C, Baldwin, J.R Blue, J 2003, The relationship of individualismcollectivism and self-construals to communication styles in India andUS, Kratschmer, P. (2013), Organisational Culture Is Highly Resistant to Change Discuss, GRIN Verlag. Kitchin, D. (2010), An Introduction to Organisational Behaviour for Managers and Engineers, Routledge. Kenny, G. (2009), Diversification Strategy: How to Grow a Business by Diversifying Successfully, Kogan Page Publishers. Kwintessential 2012a, Australia- Language, Culture, Customs And Etiquette, Kwintessential, viewed 06 October 2012. Kwintessential 2012a, India - Language, Culture, Customs And Etiquette, Kwintessential, viewed 06 October 2012. Lawton, D. (2012), Class, Culture and the Curriculum (RLE Edu B), Routledge. Lothar Katz (2012) Negotiating International Business - The Negotiators Reference Guide to 50 Countries Around the World . Paul, J. (2008), International Business, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Parker, M. (2000), Organizational Culture and Identity: Unity and Division at Work, SAGE. Schein, E.H. (2010), Organizational Culture and Leadership, 4th ed., John Wiley Sons. Varvouzou, I. and Zasepa, M. (2013), National Cultural dimensions according to Geert Hofstede and their meaning in Japanese and German Corporate Management, GRIN Verlag. 13 Appendix Appendix -1 Comparison of Five Dimensions of Hofstedes Model between India and Australia (hofstede) India Grade for India Grade for Australia Australia UAI Informal business attitude Emphasize quanxi (Relationship) and mutual trust Polite and honest Adaptable Flexible regulation 40 51 Enjoy challenge from new ideas More creative Flexible regulation Higher tolerant to receive positive and negative information Short-term strategy for decision maker Power distance Uneven income distribution Centralized with strong hierarchies Acknowledge leaders power Polarization relationship between subordinates and superior 77 36 Flatter structure organization Intimate relationship between subordinates and superiors Informal communication Individualism versus collectivism Collectivist society Group harmony Suppress feeling and emotions for peaceful work environment High trust relations in a group 48 90 Highest concern of individual right Independent and self-reliant Effort decides success Have open mind to share opinions Masculinity versus femininity Women status is low Women income is less Men should focus on work and earn income 56 61 Women income is less Women status is low Men and women both work and earn income Long-term versus short-term orientation Authority belongs to men and seniors Success belongs to oneself and family long-term performance oriented. 51 21 Focus on personal achievement and material possessions Quick decision makers Optimistic and opportunistic Short-term performance oriented Indulgence versus restraint Higher stress Follow by numerous norms and ethics Lower involvement of leisure activities 26 71 Less stress Inflexible rules Higher involvement of leisure activities Appendix -2 The Impact of Culture on Negotiation (Salacuse 1991) Negotiation Factors Range of Cultural Responses Goal Contract Relationship Attitudes Win/Win Win/Lose Personal Styles Formal Informal Communications Indirect Direct Time Sensitivity Low High Emotionalism High Low Agreement Form Specific general Agreement Building Top-Down bottom-Up Team Organization One Leader Consensus Risk Taking High Low